P （）refers to the realization of langue in actual use.

Pragmatics is different from semantics in that pragmatics studies meaning not in isolation, but in context.

Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar.

Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.

The discipline that studies the rules governing the formation of words into permissible sentences in languages is called s（）

Language is p（）in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its users. In other words, they can produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences which they have never heard before.

D（）is one of the design features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units.

Phonology

Langue refers to the a（）linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community while the parole is the concrete use of the conventions and application of the rules.

Human capacity for language has a g（）basis, but the details of language have to be taught and learned.