The distinction between competence and performance was proposed by F. de Saussure.

Phonetics is different from phonology in that the latter studies the combinations of the sounds to convey meaning in communication.

Chomsky defines “competence” as the ideal user’s k（）of the rules of his language.

Language is p（）in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its users. In other words, they can produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences which they have never heard before.

Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.

The study of the ways in which morphemes can be combined to form words is called morphology.

Semantics

Langue refers to the a（）linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community while the parole is the concrete use of the conventions and application of the rules.

Language

General linguistics, which relates itself to the research of other areas, studies the basic concepts, theories, descriptions, models and methods applicable in any linguistic study.