（） is the party which applies to the bank for the opening of a letter of credit.

Sea waybill is an import file.It is （）.

The UCP published by the （），contains detailed provisions dealing with the operation of documentary credit.

Supply chain management consists of firms collaborating to leverage strategic positioning and to improve operating efficiency.

On traffic lanes where demand is strong and plane capacity is limited， the air rates will be （）and vice versa for traffic lanes where supply exceeds demand.

General average and salvage charges are covered both in FPA and WA coverage.

In consolidation service， it is usually the consignor who issues to each consignee his bill of lading.

The Bareboat Chartering means that the vessel is put at the disposal of the Charterer for a certain period employment without any crew.

There are three major routes of container transportation： Far East to North America， Far East to Europe and Mediterranean， North America to Europe and Mediterranean.

Specific Commodity Rates means a rate applicable to carriage， of specifically designated commodity.